El dibujo infantil y estrategias para su estimulación en educación inicial
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Date
2021-09-02
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Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue el dibujo es el medio de expresión de los niños en edades tempranas. Debido a que
aún el lenguaje y la escritura no están completamente desarrollados en el infante, el dibujo
se convierte en una forma de trasmitir sus pensamientos, emociones, intereses y
motivaciones a los agentes externos, quienes en su mayor parte son los docentes y los
padres de familia.
Se considera como una ventana de expresión y diagnóstico que, hoy en día, es de
gran utilidad para poder conocer ciertas dificultades o realidades no deseadas que el niño
pueda estar viviendo pero que no puede trasmitirlo verbalmente debido a sus falencias
propias de la edad.
Esta habilidad o proceso a desarrollar en el niño, pasa por diversas etapas, desde la
más simple pero significativa como el garabateo hasta la más compleja como el realismo o
esquematismo.
Lo cierto es que, sea cual sea la etapa, al final el objetivo siempre será el mismo, la
expresión del niño hacia el mundo que lo rodea.
El desarrollo del dibujo tiene beneficios importantes, como el inicio de la
lectoescritura, el desarrollo de la parte artística, la manifestación de emociones y de
manera implícita, el fortalecimiento de su autoestima y seguridad. De esto último, cabe
descartar el papel que cumple el docente, las autoridades educativas y los padres de
familia, ya que su papel no debe ser pasivo, deben verse involucrados en el proceso, pero
como facilitadores, no como agentes inflexibles que desean “enseñar” en vez de dejar que
los propios niños construyan su aprendizaje.
Es importante resaltar que el involucramiento de los agentes educativos inicia
desde la sensibilización sobre la importancia que tiene el desarrollo del dibujo en edades
tempranas, con el fin de que ellos puedan continuar impulsando desde sus contextos, el
desarrollo libre de los niños frente al dibujo.
Es necesario que la libre expresión del niño sea afianzada por una metodología
flexible, donde no existe un criterio de evaluación o calificativo para el producto final que
realice el infante. Es más, es necesario que los docentes adopten una metodología y
estrategias acorde a la realidad del niño, sus intereses y posibilidades.
Las estrategias que adopten y que luego trascenderán al hogar a modo de
continuidad de la educación, deben ir enfocadas al fortalecimiento de la seguridad del niño
al momento de expresarse a través de sus dibujos y a su derecho de poder manifestar su
mundo interior de manera libre y sin caer en ningún prejuicio.
Por último, cuando se habla de estimular el dibujo infantil por intermedio de
estrategias, es necesario tener en cuenta el material con el cual el niño va a poder realizar
este proceso. Es por ello que dicho material debe cumplir con requisitos como, ser
accesible para el niño, acorde a su edad y ser atractivo.
The objective of this research work was drawing is the means of expression of children at an early age. Because even language and writing are not fully developed in the infant, drawing becomes a way of transmitting their thoughts, emotions, interests and motivations to external agents, who for the most part are teachers and family parents. It is considered as a window of expression and diagnosis that, nowadays, is great utility to be able to know certain difficulties or unwanted realities that the child may be living but cannot convey it verbally due to its shortcomings age-specific. This ability or process to be developed in the child goes through various stages, from simple but significant as the scribble to the most complex as the realism or schematism. The truth is that, whatever the stage, in the end the goal will always be the same, the expression of the child towards the world around him. The development of the drawing has important benefits, such as the beginning of the literacy, the development of the artistic part, the manifestation of emotions and implicitly, the strengthening of their self-esteem and security. Of the latter, it is discard the role played by the teacher, the educational authorities and the parents of family, since their role should not be passive, they should be involved in the process, but as facilitators, not as inflexible agents who want to “teach” instead of letting children themselves build their learning. It is important to highlight that the involvement of educational agents begins from raising awareness of the importance of developing drawing at ages early, so that they can continue promoting from their contexts, the free development of children in front of drawing It is necessary that the child's free expression be strengthened by a methodology flexible, where there is no evaluation or qualification criteria for the final product that make the infant Moreover, it is necessary for teachers to adopt a methodology and strategies according to the reality of the child, the interests and possibilities of it. The strategies that they adopt and that later will transcend the home as continuity of education, should be focused on strengthening the safety of the child at the time of expressing themselves through their drawings and their right to be able to express their inner world freely and without falling into any prejudice. Finally, when talking about stimulating children's drawing through strategies, it is necessary to take into account the material with which the child will be able to This process. That is why said material must meet requirements such as being accessible to the child, according to her age and be attractive.
The objective of this research work was drawing is the means of expression of children at an early age. Because even language and writing are not fully developed in the infant, drawing becomes a way of transmitting their thoughts, emotions, interests and motivations to external agents, who for the most part are teachers and family parents. It is considered as a window of expression and diagnosis that, nowadays, is great utility to be able to know certain difficulties or unwanted realities that the child may be living but cannot convey it verbally due to its shortcomings age-specific. This ability or process to be developed in the child goes through various stages, from simple but significant as the scribble to the most complex as the realism or schematism. The truth is that, whatever the stage, in the end the goal will always be the same, the expression of the child towards the world around him. The development of the drawing has important benefits, such as the beginning of the literacy, the development of the artistic part, the manifestation of emotions and implicitly, the strengthening of their self-esteem and security. Of the latter, it is discard the role played by the teacher, the educational authorities and the parents of family, since their role should not be passive, they should be involved in the process, but as facilitators, not as inflexible agents who want to “teach” instead of letting children themselves build their learning. It is important to highlight that the involvement of educational agents begins from raising awareness of the importance of developing drawing at ages early, so that they can continue promoting from their contexts, the free development of children in front of drawing It is necessary that the child's free expression be strengthened by a methodology flexible, where there is no evaluation or qualification criteria for the final product that make the infant Moreover, it is necessary for teachers to adopt a methodology and strategies according to the reality of the child, the interests and possibilities of it. The strategies that they adopt and that later will transcend the home as continuity of education, should be focused on strengthening the safety of the child at the time of expressing themselves through their drawings and their right to be able to express their inner world freely and without falling into any prejudice. Finally, when talking about stimulating children's drawing through strategies, it is necessary to take into account the material with which the child will be able to This process. That is why said material must meet requirements such as being accessible to the child, according to her age and be attractive.
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Citation
Pariona Nuñez, T. R. (2021). El dibujo infantil y estrategias para su estimulación en educación inicial (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Perú.