Teorías cognitivas del aprendizaje
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Date
2022-11-09
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Publisher
Universidad Nacional de Educación
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue conocer la psicología cognitiva es una rama de la psicología que trata de averiguar cómo
funcionan procesos mentales como ver, recordar, prestar atención, hablar, razonar y resolver problemas. Se ocupa específicamente de los métodos que emplea el sujeto para gestionar la información. Debido a estos factores, el cognitivismo sigue estando muy
presente en la psicología educativa actual, sobre todo en los conceptos de la importancia de los conocimientos previos, el aprendizaje significativo, la participación activa del sujeto en
la construcción del conocimiento y la promoción de estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas.
Según las investigaciones, los adultos son más propensos que los niños a adoptar estrategias cognitivas, y estas técnicas se enseñan progresivamente a lo largo de la vida de una persona y están directamente correlacionadas con los logros educativos.
Existe un importante cuerpo de investigación que identifica y apoya las tácticas y actividades de instrucción que fomentan el crecimiento del pensamiento crítico. El estudio de casos, el aprendizaje mediante la práctica, el desaprendizaje, la lectura crítica, el trabajo en grupo, el debate, los mapas conceptuales y la enseñanza-aprendizaje interactiva son algunas de ellas.
The objective of this research work was to understand cognitive psychology, which is a branch of psychology that tries to find out how mental processes such as seeing, remembering, paying attention, speaking, reasoning and problem solving function. It deals specifically with the methods the subject uses to manage information. Due to these factors, cognitivism remains very present in current educational psychology, especially in the concepts of the importance of prior knowledge, meaningful learning, the active participation of the subject in the construction of knowledge and the promotion of cognitive and metacognitive strategies. According to research, adults are more likely than children to adopt cognitive strategies, and these techniques are taught progressively throughout a person's life and are directly correlated with educational achievement. There is a significant body of research that identifies and supports instructional tactics and activities that foster the growth of critical thinking. Case studies, learning by doing, unlearning, critical reading, group work, debate, concept maps and interactive teaching-learning are some of them.
The objective of this research work was to understand cognitive psychology, which is a branch of psychology that tries to find out how mental processes such as seeing, remembering, paying attention, speaking, reasoning and problem solving function. It deals specifically with the methods the subject uses to manage information. Due to these factors, cognitivism remains very present in current educational psychology, especially in the concepts of the importance of prior knowledge, meaningful learning, the active participation of the subject in the construction of knowledge and the promotion of cognitive and metacognitive strategies. According to research, adults are more likely than children to adopt cognitive strategies, and these techniques are taught progressively throughout a person's life and are directly correlated with educational achievement. There is a significant body of research that identifies and supports instructional tactics and activities that foster the growth of critical thinking. Case studies, learning by doing, unlearning, critical reading, group work, debate, concept maps and interactive teaching-learning are some of them.
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Citation
Ramirez Alfonso, Y. F. (2022). Teorías cognitivas del aprendizaje (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Perú.