Transporte y comunicaciones. Los principales corredores viales del Perú, problemática del transporte. Las telecomunicaciones. Aplicación didáctica
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Date
2022-09-06
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Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es conocer los principales corredores viales del Perú, problemática del transporte. Las telecomunicaciones proporciona información de los sistemas de transportes utilizados en el país; identifica los principales corredores viales y carreteras, sobre los cuales destaca su principal problema que afecta al transporte como servicio; así mismo abarca las telecomunicaciones y sus principales servicios. Estos tres tópicos se desarrollan en tres capítulos respectivamente.
En el capítulo primero se enfatizan los medios de transporte ferroviario, acuático y aéreo. En el transporte ferroviario se desarrolla a las principales ferrovías, sus concesionarios y la demanda que atiende; también enfatizando las líneas de metro que contribuyen importantemente al transporte de pasajeros en el ámbito urbano de la ciudad de Lima. En el transporte acuático es necesario centrarse en el movimiento nacional, denominado “cabotaje”, que consiste en movimiento de carga entre puertos peruanos, tanto
en el ámbito marino, lacustre como el fluvial, siendo el fluvial destaca por el movimiento en cabotaje fluvial el que destaca debido a que forma parte importante del sistema de “carreteras fluviales” de la amazonia peruana. En el transporte aéreo se abarca el movimiento de pasajeros en el ámbito local, el cual facilita el flujo de personas entre las principales ciudades y capitales de región.
En el capítulo segundo se desarrolla los principales corredores viales y carreteras principales, que abarca las carreteras longitudinales de la costa, sierra y selva, y las carreteras transversales conocidas como “interoceánicas”. Estas son el principal sistema vial que se interconecta las ciudades más importantes con los centros productivos y dan salida hacia los puertos, tanto marítimos como fluviales. Así mismo, se identifica una problemática, que afecta importantemente al transporte como servicio, por cada corredor
vial, estas problemáticas van desde el entorno físico agresivo, sobredemanda vehicular, concesiones, e incluso casos de corrupción que también atentan no solamente al transporte, sino todo el aparato Estatal.
En el capítulo tercero se desarrolla las telecomunicaciones en el Perú. Se toca los principales servicios donde destaca la telefonía (fija y móvil), internet (fijo y móvil) y radiodifusión (televisión y radio).
Los servicios e infraestructura en temas de transporte y comunicaciones en el Perú están administrado por el Ministerio de Transporte y Comunicaciones – MTC, que forma parte del Poder Ejecutivo del Estado peruano y es una de las carteras que maneja los mayores presupuestos debido a la importancia para la población y para la Nación.
En cada tópico desarrollado se muestra estadísticas oficiales y recientes de acuerdo a la información que constantemente difunde el MTC a través de sus organismos anexos, tales como la Ositran, Provias y Osiptel. Las cuales se publican con acceso libre al público debido a que son de interés común. La información que difunden los órganos competentes es muy variada y nutrida, pero también dependen de la información de alimentación que parte de los concesionarios a partir de los Informes de Desempeño, los cuales son emitidos anualmente.
La información estadística mostrada en cada tópico es un excelente termómetro para evaluar el movimiento económico mediante el flujo interno de mercancías y personas.
Además, es de vital importancia para el desarrollo de políticas públicas que permitan cubrir las brechas en infraestructura de transporte con la finalidad de contribuir al desarrollo del país.
The objective of this research work is to know the main road corridors of Peru, transportation problems. Telecommunications provides information on the transport systems used in the country; identifies the main road corridors and highways, on which the main problem that affects transport as a service stands out; it also covers telecommunications and its main services. These three topics are developed in three chapters respectively. In the first chapter, the means of rail, water and air transport are emphasized. In rail transport, the main railways, their concessionaires and the demand they serve are developed; also emphasizing the metro lines that contribute significantly to passenger transport in the urban area of the city of Lima. In water transport, it is necessary to focus on the national movement, called "cabotage", which consists of cargo movement between Peruvian ports, both In the marine environment, lacustrine and fluvial, being the fluvial one that stands out for the movement in fluvial cabotage which stands out because it forms an important part of the system of "fluvial roads" of the Peruvian Amazon. Air transport covers the movement of passengers at the local level, which facilitates the flow of people between the main cities and capitals of the region. In the second chapter, the main road corridors and main roads are developed, which include the longitudinal highways of the coast, mountains and jungle, and the transversal highways known as "interoceanic". These are the main road system that connects the most important cities with the production centers and leads to the ports, both maritime and fluvial. Likewise, a problem is identified, which significantly affects transport as a service, for each corridor road, these problems range from the aggressive physical environment, vehicle overdemand, concessions, and even cases of corruption that also affect not only transportation, but the entire State apparatus. In the third chapter, telecommunications in Peru is developed. It touches on the main services where telephony (fixed and mobile), internet (fixed and mobile) and broadcasting (television and radio) stand out. Services and infrastructure in transportation and communications issues in Peru are administered by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications - MTC, which is part of the Executive Power of the Peruvian State and is one of the portfolios that manages the largest budgets due to the importance for the population and for the Nation. In each topic developed, official and recent statistics are shown according to the information that the MTC constantly disseminates through its annexed organizations, such as Ositran, Provias and Osiptel. Which are published with free access to the public because they are of common interest. The information disseminated by the competent bodies is very varied and extensive, but they also depend on the food information that comes from the concessionaires from the Performance Reports, which are issued annually. The statistical information shown in each topic is an excellent thermometer to evaluate the economic movement through the internal flow of goods and people. In addition, it is of vital importance for the development of public policies that make it possible to cover the gaps in transport infrastructure in order to contribute to the development of the country.
The objective of this research work is to know the main road corridors of Peru, transportation problems. Telecommunications provides information on the transport systems used in the country; identifies the main road corridors and highways, on which the main problem that affects transport as a service stands out; it also covers telecommunications and its main services. These three topics are developed in three chapters respectively. In the first chapter, the means of rail, water and air transport are emphasized. In rail transport, the main railways, their concessionaires and the demand they serve are developed; also emphasizing the metro lines that contribute significantly to passenger transport in the urban area of the city of Lima. In water transport, it is necessary to focus on the national movement, called "cabotage", which consists of cargo movement between Peruvian ports, both In the marine environment, lacustrine and fluvial, being the fluvial one that stands out for the movement in fluvial cabotage which stands out because it forms an important part of the system of "fluvial roads" of the Peruvian Amazon. Air transport covers the movement of passengers at the local level, which facilitates the flow of people between the main cities and capitals of the region. In the second chapter, the main road corridors and main roads are developed, which include the longitudinal highways of the coast, mountains and jungle, and the transversal highways known as "interoceanic". These are the main road system that connects the most important cities with the production centers and leads to the ports, both maritime and fluvial. Likewise, a problem is identified, which significantly affects transport as a service, for each corridor road, these problems range from the aggressive physical environment, vehicle overdemand, concessions, and even cases of corruption that also affect not only transportation, but the entire State apparatus. In the third chapter, telecommunications in Peru is developed. It touches on the main services where telephony (fixed and mobile), internet (fixed and mobile) and broadcasting (television and radio) stand out. Services and infrastructure in transportation and communications issues in Peru are administered by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications - MTC, which is part of the Executive Power of the Peruvian State and is one of the portfolios that manages the largest budgets due to the importance for the population and for the Nation. In each topic developed, official and recent statistics are shown according to the information that the MTC constantly disseminates through its annexed organizations, such as Ositran, Provias and Osiptel. Which are published with free access to the public because they are of common interest. The information disseminated by the competent bodies is very varied and extensive, but they also depend on the food information that comes from the concessionaires from the Performance Reports, which are issued annually. The statistical information shown in each topic is an excellent thermometer to evaluate the economic movement through the internal flow of goods and people. In addition, it is of vital importance for the development of public policies that make it possible to cover the gaps in transport infrastructure in order to contribute to the development of the country.
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Remigio Heredia, L. H. (2022). Transporte y comunicaciones. Los principales corredores viales del Perú, problemática del transporte. Las telecomunicaciones. Aplicación didáctica. (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle. Lima, Perú.