Procesos cognitivos básicos y superiores
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Date
2021-01-20
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Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer los procesos cognitivos son sistemas que permiten procesar diferente tipo de información que posteriormente genera la elaboración, construcción y asimilación del conocimiento.
Se clasifican en dos grupos el primer grupo son los procesos cognitivos básicos que involucran la percepción, sensación, atención y también la memoria el segundo grupo son los procesos cognitivos superiores, como son el lenguaje, el pensamiento, la inteligencia, entre otros procesos más.
Se hace mención que los procesos cognitivos básicos son aquellos que se manifiestan de forma natural en relación a nuestra posición como seres humanos. Es decir, es natural de los seres humanos, contar con los recursos propios para poder desarrollarlos, son inherentes a nosotros, por ejemplo, el observar, el escuchar, guardar una imagen o información determinada, fijar nuestra atención en una cosa, en algo o alguien en particular.
Por otro lado, los procesos cognitivos superiores son los que vamos a ir adquiriendo y desarrollando, con la finalidad de poder procesar información de esta manera, formar el conocimiento los procesos cognitivos superiores requieren de las sensaciones, en términos generales de los procesos cognitivos básicos, porque son el material, insumo que ellos utilizan para que puedan procesarla, codificarla, organizarla, ordenarla y se obtenga el conocimiento.
La atención es un proceso que implica seleccionar determinada información y centrarse en ella, para luego guardarla en la memoria.
La memoria permite captar la información, también almacenarla y reproducirla de múltiples maneras.
The objective of this work is to make known the cognitive processes are systems that allow processing different types of information that later generates the elaboration, construction and assimilation of knowledge. They are classified into two groups, the first group are the basic cognitive processes that involve perception, sensation, attention and also memory, the second group are the higher cognitive processes, such as language, thought, intelligence, among other processes. It is mentioned that the basic cognitive processes are those that manifest naturally in relation to our position as human beings. That is to say, it is natural for human beings to have their own resources to be able to develop them, they are inherent in us, for example, observing, listening, saving an image or certain information, fixing our attention on one thing, on something or someone in particular. On the other hand, the superior cognitive processes are the ones that we are going to acquire and develop, in order to be able to process information in this way, to form knowledge, the superior cognitive processes require sensations, in general terms of the basic cognitive processes, because they are the material, input that they use so that they can process it, codify it, organize it, order it and obtain knowledge. Attention is a process that involves selecting certain information and focusing on it, and then saving it in memory. Memory allows information to be captured, also stored and reproduced in multiple ways.
The objective of this work is to make known the cognitive processes are systems that allow processing different types of information that later generates the elaboration, construction and assimilation of knowledge. They are classified into two groups, the first group are the basic cognitive processes that involve perception, sensation, attention and also memory, the second group are the higher cognitive processes, such as language, thought, intelligence, among other processes. It is mentioned that the basic cognitive processes are those that manifest naturally in relation to our position as human beings. That is to say, it is natural for human beings to have their own resources to be able to develop them, they are inherent in us, for example, observing, listening, saving an image or certain information, fixing our attention on one thing, on something or someone in particular. On the other hand, the superior cognitive processes are the ones that we are going to acquire and develop, in order to be able to process information in this way, to form knowledge, the superior cognitive processes require sensations, in general terms of the basic cognitive processes, because they are the material, input that they use so that they can process it, codify it, organize it, order it and obtain knowledge. Attention is a process that involves selecting certain information and focusing on it, and then saving it in memory. Memory allows information to be captured, also stored and reproduced in multiple ways.
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Citation
Bielich Aranda, A. Y. (2021). Procesos cognitivos básicos y superiores (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Perú.