SEGUNDA LEY DE LA TERMODINÁMICA. Enunciados de Kelvin-PLank y Clausius. Máquinas térmicas. Ciclo de Carnot Eficiencia
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2021-03-19
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Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue mediante esta segunda ley de termodinámica podemos darnos cuenta que no
existen sistemas que transformen el 100% de energía en trabajo, siempre va a haber
pérdidas.
La base principal de esta segunda ley es la entropía, cuanto más desorden hay en el
universo, mayor es la energía; si no hubiera entropía, nuestro planeta se deterioraría y
dejaría de existir la vida.
Es absurdo esperar montar un portátil interminable dependiente del cambio
repetitivo entre dos tipos de energía. Definitivamente, en algún lugar de este ciclo, se
perderá energía, idealmente como calor.
Un motor de calor concentra la energía de una fuente caliente. Una parte de esta
energía se transforma en trabajo mecánico y otra parte se mueve desde una fuente de virus.
Q1 = W + Q2, donde Q1 es la contribución de calor al manantial de la máquina, w es el
trabajo y Q2 es el calor entregado desde la fuente del virus.
Como modelo de motor hipotético, el ciclo de Carnot depende de exponer un gas a
cuatro etapas: desarrollo a un factor de presión constante, obteniendo calor de una fuente
caliente; extensión adiabática, sin perder ni adquirir calor, factor de compresión constante
de presión, ceder calor a una fuente de virus, constricción adiabática.
The objective of this research work was through this second law of thermodynamics we can realize that there is no there are systems that transform 100% of energy into work, there will always be losses. The main basis of this second law is entropy, the more disorder there is in the universe, the greater the energy; if there were no entropy, our planet would deteriorate and life would cease to exist. It's absurd to expect to build an endless laptop dependent on change repetitive between two types of energy. Definitely, somewhere in this cycle, it will lose energy, ideally as heat. A heat engine concentrates energy from a hot source. A part of this energy is transformed into mechanical work and another part moves from a virus source. Q1 = W + Q2, where Q1 is the heat contribution to the machine source, w is the work and Q2 is the heat delivered from the source of the virus. As a hypothetical engine model, the Carnot cycle depends on exposing a gas to four stages: development at a constant pressure factor, obtaining heat from a source hot; adiabatic extension, without losing or acquiring heat, constant compression factor of pressure, giving up heat to a virus source, adiabatic constriction.
The objective of this research work was through this second law of thermodynamics we can realize that there is no there are systems that transform 100% of energy into work, there will always be losses. The main basis of this second law is entropy, the more disorder there is in the universe, the greater the energy; if there were no entropy, our planet would deteriorate and life would cease to exist. It's absurd to expect to build an endless laptop dependent on change repetitive between two types of energy. Definitely, somewhere in this cycle, it will lose energy, ideally as heat. A heat engine concentrates energy from a hot source. A part of this energy is transformed into mechanical work and another part moves from a virus source. Q1 = W + Q2, where Q1 is the heat contribution to the machine source, w is the work and Q2 is the heat delivered from the source of the virus. As a hypothetical engine model, the Carnot cycle depends on exposing a gas to four stages: development at a constant pressure factor, obtaining heat from a source hot; adiabatic extension, without losing or acquiring heat, constant compression factor of pressure, giving up heat to a virus source, adiabatic constriction.
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Citation
Lagos Quispe, K. (2021). SEGUNDA LEY DE LA TERMODINÁMICA. Enunciados de Kelvin-PLank y Clausius. Máquinas térmicas. Ciclo de Carnot Eficiencia (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Perú.