Análisis de viabilidad técnica y económica de implantación de un sistema de obtención de biocombustible a partir de aceites usados
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Date
2021-12-30
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Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Gúzman y Valle
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue tras estudiar las distintas opciones tener en cuente siempre al ya determinar el lugar de la planta se debe evaluar el diseño, las funciones y los costos de cada actividad para la producción del biodiesel. Los equipos y materiales propuestos están en base a investigaciones internacionales con datos de proveedores externos que pueden variar los costes, por ello mencionamos del proceso y herramientas los precios son modificables por diversos factores, material, marca, tamaño y lugar de destino.
Las herramientas a usar se ven poco y sencillo de realizar podría depender de la densidad de producción, lo cual se tiene que evaluar desde el inicio. Dentro de la investigación se pone en bandeja la factibilidad y beneficio es de trabajar con aceites usados. Adicionalmente, es fundamental tener la opción de realizar unos tratamientos previos que garanticen una calidad del aceite equiparable al refinado y que, salvo algunas etapas, cuente con la práctica totalidad de los tratamientos previos que habitualmente se realizan para obtener un crudo pesado para la transesterificación.
El método de transesterificación actual permite la conversión de aceite usado directamente en biodiesel sin necesidad de pretratamiento. Después de probar la viabilidad técnica, se buscaron proveedores de plantas llave en mano en el mercado. La tarea fue extremadamente desafiante y solo una de las tres ofertas presentadas incluía todos los datos necesarios para determinar el costo del proceso de producción de biodiesel.
Para finalizar mencionamos los benéficos que tiene las producciones del biodiésel con aceites reusados de cocina reduce el impacto ambiental y mejora la calidad de vida de las personas por las reducciones de emisiones de contaminantes a la atmosfera los GEI se estiman que las emisiones de CO2 anualmente serian mínimas en comparaciones de la actualidad y es económicamente rentable aun que al inicio puede llevar una inversión.
The objective of this research work was, after studying the different options, to always take into account when determining the location of the plant, the design, functions and costs of each activity for the production of biodiesel must be evaluated. The proposed equipment and materials are based on international research with data from external suppliers that may vary costs, which is why we mention the process and tools, prices can be modified by various factors, material, brand, size and destination. The tools to be used seem few and easy to carry out, it could depend on the production density, which has to be evaluated from the beginning. Within the research, the feasibility and benefit of working with used oils is laid out. Additionally, it is essential to have the option of carrying out pretreatments that guarantee a quality of the oil comparable to that of refining and that, except for some stages, it includes practically all of the pretreatments that are usually carried out to obtain heavy crude oil for transesterification. The current transesterification method allows the conversion of used oil directly into biodiesel without the need for pretreatment. After testing the technical feasibility, suppliers of turnkey plants were sought in the market. The task was extremely challenging and only one of the three bids submitted included all the data necessary to determine the cost of the biodiesel production process. Finally, we mention the benefits of biodiesel production with reused cooking oils: it reduces the environmental impact and improves the quality of life of people due to the reduction of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, GHGs, it is estimated that CO2 emissions annually would be minimal in today's comparisons and is economically profitable although at the beginning it may require an investment.
The objective of this research work was, after studying the different options, to always take into account when determining the location of the plant, the design, functions and costs of each activity for the production of biodiesel must be evaluated. The proposed equipment and materials are based on international research with data from external suppliers that may vary costs, which is why we mention the process and tools, prices can be modified by various factors, material, brand, size and destination. The tools to be used seem few and easy to carry out, it could depend on the production density, which has to be evaluated from the beginning. Within the research, the feasibility and benefit of working with used oils is laid out. Additionally, it is essential to have the option of carrying out pretreatments that guarantee a quality of the oil comparable to that of refining and that, except for some stages, it includes practically all of the pretreatments that are usually carried out to obtain heavy crude oil for transesterification. The current transesterification method allows the conversion of used oil directly into biodiesel without the need for pretreatment. After testing the technical feasibility, suppliers of turnkey plants were sought in the market. The task was extremely challenging and only one of the three bids submitted included all the data necessary to determine the cost of the biodiesel production process. Finally, we mention the benefits of biodiesel production with reused cooking oils: it reduces the environmental impact and improves the quality of life of people due to the reduction of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, GHGs, it is estimated that CO2 emissions annually would be minimal in today's comparisons and is economically profitable although at the beginning it may require an investment.
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Citation
Perales Briceño, J. C. (2021). Análisis de viabilidad técnica y económica de implantación de un sistema de obtención de biocombustible a partir de aceites usados (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Perú.