Bases neurocientíficas de las emociones y los sentimientos
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Date
2021-10-14
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Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue la neurociencia es la ciencia que se encarga de estudiar el sistema nervioso, sus funciones y repercusiones en el actuar físico y mental de las personas. Los campos específicos de estudio que posee la neurociencia tenemos: la neurociencia cognitiva, la neurociencia social, la neurociencia clínica, la neurociencia del desarrollo, la neurociencia afectiva, la
neurociencia del comportamiento y la neurociencia computacional.
Las emociones son programas de acción complejos desencadenados por la presencia
de determinados estímulos fuera o dentro del cuerpo, tanto a nivel psicológico como
fisiológico. Entre los tipos de emociones tenemos la alegría, la tristeza, la ira, el miedo, el
desprecio, el asco y la sorpresa.
El sentimiento es un estado mental que se produce a partir del impacto que recibe una
persona por causa de situaciones externas. Cuando las emociones se procesan en el cerebro y
una persona es consciente de dichas emociones y del estado mental que producen, se generan
sentimientos. Los sentimientos pueden ser positivos o negativos. Los sentimientos positivos
son la felicidad, el amor, la euforia, la esperanza, la motivación, la pasión, la satisfacción, la
diversión, el bienestar y el entusiasmo, y los sentimientos negativos son el enfado, la ira, el
miedo, la preocupación, la tristeza, la culpa, el estrés, la frustración, la indignación, la
vergüenza y la vulnerabilidad.
El desarrollo de los sentimientos y emociones del niño que se encuentra en el nivel
inicial se caracteriza por permitirles conocer el mundo que nos rodea, a determinar un entorno
seguro y peligroso, reconocer patrones de manifestación de fenómenos y eventos que pueden
ser positivos o negativos. Además, la capacidad receptiva del niño le permite asumir la
madurez afectiva de sus padres y de aquellas personas que le son más significativas.
The objective of this research work was neuroscience is the science that is in charge of studying the nervous system, its functions and repercussions on the physical and mental behavior of people. The specific fields of study that neuroscience possesses are: cognitive neuroscience, social neuroscience, clinical neuroscience, developmental neuroscience, affective neuroscience, behavioral neuroscience and computational neuroscience. Emotions are complex action programs triggered by the presence of certain stimuli outside or inside the body, both psychologically and physiological. Among the types of emotions we have joy, sadness, anger, fear, contempt, disgust and surprise. The feeling is a mental state that is produced from the impact that receives a person because of external situations. When emotions are processed in the brain and a person is aware of these emotions and the mental state they produce, they are generated feelings. Feelings can be positive or negative. positive feelings They are happiness, love, euphoria, hope, motivation, passion, satisfaction, fun, well-being and enthusiasm, and negative feelings are anger, anger, fear, worry, sadness, guilt, stress, frustration, outrage, shame and vulnerability. The development of feelings and emotions of the child who is at the level initial is characterized by allowing them to know the world around us, to determine an environment safe and dangerous, recognize patterns of manifestations of phenomena and events that can be positive or negative. In addition, the receptive capacity of the child allows him to assume the affective maturity of her parents and of those people who are most significant to her.
The objective of this research work was neuroscience is the science that is in charge of studying the nervous system, its functions and repercussions on the physical and mental behavior of people. The specific fields of study that neuroscience possesses are: cognitive neuroscience, social neuroscience, clinical neuroscience, developmental neuroscience, affective neuroscience, behavioral neuroscience and computational neuroscience. Emotions are complex action programs triggered by the presence of certain stimuli outside or inside the body, both psychologically and physiological. Among the types of emotions we have joy, sadness, anger, fear, contempt, disgust and surprise. The feeling is a mental state that is produced from the impact that receives a person because of external situations. When emotions are processed in the brain and a person is aware of these emotions and the mental state they produce, they are generated feelings. Feelings can be positive or negative. positive feelings They are happiness, love, euphoria, hope, motivation, passion, satisfaction, fun, well-being and enthusiasm, and negative feelings are anger, anger, fear, worry, sadness, guilt, stress, frustration, outrage, shame and vulnerability. The development of feelings and emotions of the child who is at the level initial is characterized by allowing them to know the world around us, to determine an environment safe and dangerous, recognize patterns of manifestations of phenomena and events that can be positive or negative. In addition, the receptive capacity of the child allows him to assume the affective maturity of her parents and of those people who are most significant to her.
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Citation
Dominguez Caceres, C. (2021). Bases neurocientíficas de las emociones y los sentimientos (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Perú.