El campesinado durante los gobiernos militares de Juan Velasco Alvarado (1968-1975) y Francisco Morales Bermúdez (1975-1980)
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Date
2021-05-12
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Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue entiéndase por campesino, aquella persona que trabaja en el campo, y a nivel
económico debe ser comprendido como una unidad de producción y consumo. Donde su
actividad está destinada al autoconsumo. Estos se encuentran organizados bajo un sistema
complejo llamado comunidades campesinas, que en la actualidad son protegidos
jurídicamente por el estado y gozan de algunos derechos y deberes, para asegurar su
desarrollo integral bajo cierta autonomía. Por otro lado, las haciendas son centros de
producción, ya sean agrarias o agrícolas, cuyo dueño puede ser un oligarca en el caso de la
costa, o un gamonal en la sierra. El poder económico de los hacendados radica en la
posesión de tierras, muchas de estas tierras pertenecientes a comunidades campesinas le
fueron arrebatadas en la mayoría de los casos de forma ilegal por los hacendados, en
complicidad de las autoridades locales. La producción de las haciendas estaba destinada
principalmente para al intercambio, ya sea en el mercado nacional o internacional. En el
caso de las haciendas costeñas, lograron un avance hacia modos de producción muchos
modernas y capitalistas, contando con la participación de trabajadores asalariados en su
mayoría. En el caso de las haciendas serranas, su modo de producción representaba el
atraso y la supervivencia de formas de explotación de la época colonial, con sistemas de
trabajo no remunerado como el yanaconaje, pongaje y en menor medida el uso de
jornaleros.
The objective of this research work was to understand by peasant, that person who works in the field, and at the economy must be understood as a unit of production and consumption. Where your activity is intended for self-consumption. They are organized under a system complex called peasant communities, which are currently protected legally by the state and enjoy some rights and duties, to ensure their integral development under certain autonomy. On the other hand, haciendas are centers of production, whether agrarian or agricultural, whose owner may be an oligarch in the case of the coast, or a gamonal in the mountains. The economic power of the landowners lies in the possession of land, many of these lands belonging to peasant communities were seized in most cases illegally by landowners, in complicity of local authorities. The production of the estates was destined mainly for exchange, either in the national or international market. In it case of the coastal haciendas, they achieved an advance towards modes of production many modern and capitalist, counting on the participation of salaried workers in their most. In the case of the mountain haciendas, their mode of production represented the backwardness and the survival of forms of exploitation from the colonial era, with systems of unpaid work such as yanaconaje, ponje and to a lesser extent the use of day laborers
The objective of this research work was to understand by peasant, that person who works in the field, and at the economy must be understood as a unit of production and consumption. Where your activity is intended for self-consumption. They are organized under a system complex called peasant communities, which are currently protected legally by the state and enjoy some rights and duties, to ensure their integral development under certain autonomy. On the other hand, haciendas are centers of production, whether agrarian or agricultural, whose owner may be an oligarch in the case of the coast, or a gamonal in the mountains. The economic power of the landowners lies in the possession of land, many of these lands belonging to peasant communities were seized in most cases illegally by landowners, in complicity of local authorities. The production of the estates was destined mainly for exchange, either in the national or international market. In it case of the coastal haciendas, they achieved an advance towards modes of production many modern and capitalist, counting on the participation of salaried workers in their most. In the case of the mountain haciendas, their mode of production represented the backwardness and the survival of forms of exploitation from the colonial era, with systems of unpaid work such as yanaconaje, ponje and to a lesser extent the use of day laborers
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Rendimiento académico
Citation
Santiago Mauricio, C. F. (2021). El campesinado durante los gobiernos militares de Juan Velasco Alvarado (1968-1975) y Francisco Morales Bermúdez (1975-1980) (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Perú.