Las Guerras Civiles en el Perú durante el siglo XVI: contexto económico, social, político y cultural
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Date
2021-05-28
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Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue el siglo XVI fue muy convulsionado para los pueblos de América ya que la llegada
de los españoles y otros europeos se llevará de manera muy violenta que cambiará para
siempre la forma de vivir de los pueblos de este continente.
Las guerras civiles en el Perú del siglo XVI, abarca claramente dos periodos de
gran importancia, por un lado, toca la guerra entre Huáscar y Atahualpa que pertenecen al
periodo de autónoma del antiguó Perú y también abarca las guerras entre los invasores,
estas se pueden sub-dividir en cuatro periodos claramente diferenciados, las cuales fueron:
Pizarristas contra almagristas, Diego de Almagro el ‘‘mozo’’ contra Vaca de Castro, la
rebelión de los encomenderos y la rebelón de los insatisfechos.
La guerra entre Huáscar y Atahualpa fue muy cruenta y fracciono a un más un
imperio que por sí ya estaba muy dividido, ya que había contradicciones y conflictos de
intereses entre diversos sectores del Tawuantinsuyo, es de recordar que la fase imperial de
los incas tenía menos de cien años y aún estaba consolidándose. Había pugnas entre
sectores de la elite, por ejemplo, los Hanan Cuzco contra los Hurin Cuzco, entre las
panacas de Túpac Yupanqui y la de Pachacútec, entre el sector sacerdotal y el sector
militar, dentro de los mismos Hanan Cuzco había contracciones, también lo haba entre las
elites de Cuzco y Quito, sin contar que muchas etnias sometidas por los incas se rebelaban
o estaban esperando el momento adecuado para rebelarse.
Con respecto a las guerras entre invasores se dio puramente por intereses
personales como en el caso de Pizarro y Almagro o por intereses colectivos de los
encomenderos con Gonzalo Pizarro y Hernández de Girón o los intereses de la propia
corona española.
The objective of this research work was the sixteenth century was very convulsive for the peoples of America since the arrival of the Spanish and other Europeans will be carried out in a very violent way that will change for always the way of life of the peoples of this continent. The civil wars in Peru in the 16th century clearly encompass two periods of great importance, on the one hand, touches the war between Huáscar and Atahualpa who belong to the autonomous period of ancient Peru and also covers the wars between the invaders, These can be sub-divided into four clearly differentiated periods, which were: Pizarristas against almagristas, Diego de Almagro the ''boy'' against Vaca de Castro, the rebellion of the encomenderos and the rebellion of the dissatisfied. The war between Huáscar and Atahualpa was very bloody and divided into one plus one empire that was already very divided, since there were contradictions and conflicts of interests between various sectors of the Tawuantinsuyo, it is worth remembering that the imperial phase of the Incas was less than a hundred years old and was still being consolidated. There were fights between sectors of the elite, for example, the Hanan Cuzco against the Hurin Cuzco, among the panacas of Túpac Yupanqui and that of Pachacútec, between the priestly sector and the military, within the same Hanan Cuzco there were contractions, also among the elites of Cuzco and Quito, not to mention that many ethnic groups subjugated by the Incas rebelled or they were waiting for the right moment to rebel. Regarding the wars between invaders, it was purely for interests personal as in the case of Pizarro and Almagro or by collective interests of the encomenderos with Gonzalo Pizarro and Hernández de Girón or the interests of the Spanish crown.
The objective of this research work was the sixteenth century was very convulsive for the peoples of America since the arrival of the Spanish and other Europeans will be carried out in a very violent way that will change for always the way of life of the peoples of this continent. The civil wars in Peru in the 16th century clearly encompass two periods of great importance, on the one hand, touches the war between Huáscar and Atahualpa who belong to the autonomous period of ancient Peru and also covers the wars between the invaders, These can be sub-divided into four clearly differentiated periods, which were: Pizarristas against almagristas, Diego de Almagro the ''boy'' against Vaca de Castro, the rebellion of the encomenderos and the rebellion of the dissatisfied. The war between Huáscar and Atahualpa was very bloody and divided into one plus one empire that was already very divided, since there were contradictions and conflicts of interests between various sectors of the Tawuantinsuyo, it is worth remembering that the imperial phase of the Incas was less than a hundred years old and was still being consolidated. There were fights between sectors of the elite, for example, the Hanan Cuzco against the Hurin Cuzco, among the panacas of Túpac Yupanqui and that of Pachacútec, between the priestly sector and the military, within the same Hanan Cuzco there were contractions, also among the elites of Cuzco and Quito, not to mention that many ethnic groups subjugated by the Incas rebelled or they were waiting for the right moment to rebel. Regarding the wars between invaders, it was purely for interests personal as in the case of Pizarro and Almagro or by collective interests of the encomenderos with Gonzalo Pizarro and Hernández de Girón or the interests of the Spanish crown.
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Citation
Bartolome Diaz, W. J. (2021). Las Guerras Civiles en el Perú durante el siglo XVI: contexto económico,
social, político y cultural (Monografía de pregrado). Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Perú.